Indeed, 4-en-VPA is transformed through -oxidation to reactive intermediates such as 2-propyl-2, 4-pentadienoic acid (2, 4-dien-VPA) that are capable of depleting mitochondrial GSH, as suggested by rat studies [60]
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The influence of PCs on apoptosis varies among different cell types
The GO@GSH-FA treatment group displayed the lowest fluorescence intensity, suggesting the most substantial reduction in ROS levels among all treatment groups
Stealth liposomes Stealth liposomes represent an advanced subclass of liposomal drug delivery systems engineered to evade detection and clearance by the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), thereby prolonging their systemic circulation
mNSS, modified neurological severity score